Findings of Colonoscopized Patients at a Primary Health Center in Riyadh, KSA, with Special Concern for Colitis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is a diagnostic modality and therapeutic procedure widely used for screening and diagnosing and treating colorectal diseases. Colitis is the inflammation of the colon. There are a variety of causes of colitis including infections, ischemia and autoimmune reactions (inflammatory bowel disease, IBD). The study is aimed to determine the clinical, epidemiological, the prevalence of various colonic diseases and characteristics of colitis in patients undergoing colonoscopy in a primary health center in Saudi Arabia. This data may provide a comparison for researchers.
METHODS: Data from colonoscopized patients attending a gastroenterology clinic, primary health center in Riyadh, KSA between July 2014 and July 2015 were studied. This including the record of patient characteristics, age at diagnosis, course of the disease, manifestations, colonoscopy and Histopathology reports.
RESULTS: Among 100 patients, males comprised 90% and only 10% females. According to the Montréal classification of age, the majority of our patients belonged to the A2 category for age of diagnosis at 17-40 years 63% while 72% of the colitis patients and 50% of IBD patients. 36% belonged to the A3 category > 40 years. Normal colonoscopy was seen in most of our series cases and anorectal diseases (piles and fissures) were in 16%. Biopsies showing colitis in 11% of cases, 7% non-specific and 4% IBD (ulcerative 3% crohns 1%). Colonic mass and cancer in 5%. Diverticula in 4% and polyps in 3%. Mean of age for the colitis patients was 36.1 years and 29 years for IBD.
CONCLUSION: The majority of colonoscopised cases were young people and similar to the colitis and IBD cases, with a male preponderance. Colitis represented more than one tenth of cases with Ulcerative colitis more than crohns disease in 3:1 manner.