The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
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description: Scope of Interest of the Journal It is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, issued periodically semi-annually by the management of the editorial board of the journal, and under the direct supervision of the Vice-President of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at the University of Saba Region (Marib -Yemen), and carries an international number: (( ISSN: 2709-2739 (Print) - ISSN: 2709-2747 (Online)). The journal takes into account the international standards adopted in scientific publishing. The journal welcomes original articles in the fields of humanities, administration, natural and applied sciences, education, Islamic studies, and computer sciences in both Arabic and English languages. Manuscripts are submitted by authors from inside and outside the university, and they must not have been published before. The journal does not publish anything that opposes or violates the ethics of scientific research and human and Islamic values. Publication Frequency The journal is published every six months: in June and December of each year.
publisher: جامعة إقليم سبأ
language: en
publication name: The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
issn: 2709-2739
copyright: Copyright and Licensing This journal publishes all scientific materials under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) , license, which grants you the following permissions: You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits. Notices: You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation . No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
items: Existence of Solutions for some Nonlinear Elliptic Problem with Measure Data in Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev Spaces
items: The Reality of Utilization of Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Learning Process by Postgraduate Students at University of Saba Region
items: Cultural Criticism and the Text Literariness: A Study in Criticism of Criticism
items: Developing Standards to Evaluate Scientific Theses and Dissertations in Faculties of Education at Yemeni Universities in Light of Contemporary Trends
items: The Reality of Strategic Planning Practices in Private Hospitals Operating in Aden Governorate
items: The Degree of Teaching Skills Practice in Light of Brain-Based Learning by Science Teachers in Secondary Schools in Marib City
items: The Impact of Change Management Strategies on Development Management in the Blue Nile Region: A Case Study on the General Secretariat of its Government (2024-2025)
items: Evaluating the Content of the Mathematics Curriculum for the Second-Year Science Track in Sudanese Secondary Schools in Light of (NCTM) Standards
items: Evaluation of Approved Academic Theses in the Faculties of Education and Science at Ibb University and University of Saba Region in Light of Total Quality Standards
items: Principles of Preparing the Islamic Preacher in the Glorious Quran: An Analytical Study of the Divine Discourse Addressed to His Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him)
items: The Reality and Future of E-Commerce in Yemeni Legislation
items: Educational Insights in the Parenthetical Sentences in the Story of Musa (peace be upon him) in the Glorious Qur’an
items: Artistic Imagery in Socotri Proverbs
items: Evaluation of Admission Tests in Biology for the Applicants to the Faculty of Medicine at University of Saba Region in Light of Good Test Standards
items: The Roots of Political Deception and Its Impact on the Crises of Political Regimes in Yemen: A Historical Study from the Late 3rd to the Mid-15th Century A.H.
items: Arrogance in Surah Al-A,raf: An Objective Study of its Causes, Manifestations, and Effects
items: Evaluation of Chemistry Exam Questions for the Third-Year Secondary Students in the Republic of Yemen for the Years 2022- 2024 in light of Science Process Skills
items: Training Needs in Light of the Integrated Approach (STEM) Among Science Teachers in Secondary Schools in Marib City
items: Procedures of Criminal Trial for the Absconding Defendant and Their Legal Consequences
items: The Methods of the Prophets in Confronting the Advocates of Atheism Through Quranic Narratives
items: Mapping Colonial Ideology: A Structuralist Examination of Power and Communication in Forster’s A Passage to India
items: Social Semiotics in the Hero Characters in Ali Ahmed Bakathir's Novels
items: The Qur'anic Miraculousness Concerning the Expulsion of the Jews from the Holy Land
items: The Role of Integrated Marketing Communication in Customer Satisfaction: An Applied Study on Sudakal Telecommunications Academy
items: Relativity between Excessiveness and Negligence: An Applied Foundational Study
items: The Clear Message in the Glorious Qur’an and its Employment in Developing Contemporary Da’wah Discourse
items: Compensation and Reparation in Islamic Sharia and their Applications in Yemeni and International Laws: An Analytical Study in the Context of Armed Conflict in Yemen (2014- 2024)
items: Yemeni Manuscripts in the Science of Qur›anic Readings: The Manuscripts of Imam ‹Uthman Al-Nashiri (D. 848 AH) as a Model
items: The Geopolitical Dimension of Bab al-Mandab Strait: The Intersection of International Interests and its Repercussion Effects on Yemen
items: Modern Administrative Trends and the Possibility of their Application by Heads of Academic Departments at University of Saba Region

Existence of Solutions for some Nonlinear Elliptic Problem with Measure Data in Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev Spaces
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creator: Mohammed AL-Hawmi
creator: Mustafa AL-Hasisi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.140

The Reality of Utilization of Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Learning Process by Postgraduate Students at University of Saba Region
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description: The study is aimed at investigating the extent to which postgraduate students at University of Saba Region utilize artificial intelligence applications in the learning process, the obstacles they face in using them, and the impact of the variables of program type and specialization on their usage. The study uses a descriptive research approach. A questionnaire was administered to 48 male and female students in the first year (preparatory) of the postgraduate program. Data analysis was conducted using mean scores, standard deviations, and a two-way ANOVA. The results indicate that the students' overall usage of AI applications in the learning process was medium, while the obstacles to their usage were high. Additionally, there were statistically significant differences in the mean scores of AI usage according to the program variable, in favor of master's students, while no statistically significant differences were found in the mean scores according to the specialization variable.
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creator: Abdullah Hassan Abdulrab
creator: Najwa Saleh Al-Shami
creator: Ali Muhammad Akhwagh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.139

Cultural Criticism and the Text Literariness: A Study in Criticism of Criticism
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description: The literary text carries aesthetic values that lie within the components of literary art: structure, style, rhythm, imagery, and poetic language. These components are instrumental in granting the text its uniqueness and artistic beauty. Critical engagement with the text is thus grounded in normative criteria through which the literary text is evaluated in terms of the quality of its composition and structure, originality, innovation, and adherence to the principles of literary art. However, the emergence of cultural criticism has reshaped the relationship between literature and society, greatly expanding the scope of critical reading at the expense of the literariness and aesthetic value of the text. This study focuses on the dilemma of cultural criticism regarding textual aesthetics and its negligence or marginalization of literary centrality in its treatment of texts. It is divided into two sections: the first provides a brief overview of the concept of cultural criticism, its origins, and the main objections raised against it; and the second examines cultural criticism in relation to the aesthetic values within the literary text, highlighting its manifestations, causes, and what should be done in response. The study reaches several key findings. First, for cultural criticism to remain logically situated within its current disciplinary domain (the field of literary or linguistic textual criticism), it must adopt a balanced approach that integrates both dimensions: uncovering cultural patterns and attending to the aesthetic and literary normative values of the text. Second, in its current form, cultural criticism should be separated from the domain of literary text–oriented critical approaches and should not be considered one of the disciplines of literature, language, or linguistics; rather, it should be treated similarly to fields such as history or sociology. Third, Arabic scholarship must re-examine the tools and methodology of cultural criticism, localize the…
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creator: Mohammed Ahmed Ghaleb Al Ameri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.138

Developing Standards to Evaluate Scientific Theses and Dissertations in Faculties of Education at Yemeni Universities in Light of Contemporary Trends
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description: The study is aimed to develop a set of standards for evaluating scientific theses and dissertations at Yemeni universities in light of contemporary trends. The study uses a mixed-methods approach: quantitative and qualitative. The sample consists of (7) evaluation checklists, (10) faculty members, and (15) postgraduate students. Data was collected using interviews. The findings of the study reveal variability among the approved evaluation checklists with respect to the number of standards, their precision, comprehensiveness, and methods of scoring, and most of these checklists tended to be general in nature and lacked clear sub-indicators. The findings also indicate that the faculty members tended to focus on the soundness of the methodology, title originality, and formal aspects during the evaluation process. There was also a general consensus among them regarding their reliance on officially approved evaluation forms. However, their perspectives varied concerning the overall quality of thesis evaluation, despite acknowledging the existence of several challenges, most notably the difficulty in determining the appropriate grade for the research work. In contrast, graduate students expressed dissatisfaction with the evaluation process, citing the absence of clear criteria and insufficient support from some supervisors. In response to these findings, the study develops a comprehensive list of standards for evaluating theses and dissertations at Yemeni universities in light of contemporary academic trends. It comprises five main domains, encompassing fifty specific indicators.
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creator: Abdullah Hassan Abdulrab
creator: Naziha Mohammed Sofan
creator: Abdulhakim Mohammed Al-Hakimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.137

The Reality of Strategic Planning Practices in Private Hospitals Operating in Aden Governorate
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description: This study is aimed at identifying the reality of strategic planning in private hospitals operating in Aden Governorate. The research population consists of administrative leaders in these hospitals. Five private hospitals were selected as the study sample: Al Reyadah International Hospital, Al-Naqib Hospital, Aden German International Hospital,‎ Al-Salam Specialized Hospital, and Cuban Modern Hospital. The sample included 59 individuals from these hospitals. The study uses both the descriptive and analytical approaches, and the questionnaire is used as the main tool for data collection. The results indicate a high level of strategic planning practices in private hospitals in Aden Governorate according to the perspectives of their administrative leaders. All dimensions of strategic planning demonstrated a high level of availability. The dimension of monitoring and evaluating the strategic plan ranked first, followed by strategic orientation, strategic plan formulation, strategic environmental analysis, and finally strategic plan implementation. The study recommends strengthening the ability of private hospitals to analyze the external environment through precise mechanisms for monitoring competitors, market trends, and emerging health developments, as well as developing clear performance measurement systems and quantitative indicators to assess implementation. It also recommends ensuring greater alignment between strategic plans and human and financial resources, in addition to enhancing internal communication to improve employee awareness of the vision and mission.
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creator: Tawfik Mahdi Al-Alawi BA Rahma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.136

The Degree of Teaching Skills Practice in Light of Brain-Based Learning by Science Teachers in Secondary Schools in Marib City
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description: This study is aimed to assess the level to which female science teachers in secondary schools in Marib City practice teaching skills in alignment with brain-based learning principles. It also seeks to identify the challenges encountered by these teachers in implementing teaching skills based on brain-based learning, and finds out the effect of specialization and years of experience variables on this practice. The study uses a descriptive survey approach. An observation card and a semi-structured interview were constructed and administered to a sample of (17) female science teachers at the secondary school stage. To analysis data, a one-sample t-test and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. The results indicated that the level of practice of teaching skills in alignment with brain-based learning, specifically in the domains of implementation, classroom environment management, and assessment, was generally low among female science teachers. However, the planning skill was found to be at a moderate level. The study identified that the primary difficulties faced by the teachers included a lack of knowledge and training, as well as challenges related to classroom environment management, the curriculum, and administrative issues. Additionally, no statistically significant differences were found in the teachers' practice of teaching skills in accordance with brain-based learning based on the variables of specialization and years of experience.
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creator: Rabab Ahmed AL-mauzi
creator: Abdullah Hassan Abdulrab
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.135

The Impact of Change Management Strategies on Development Management in the Blue Nile Region: A Case Study on the General Secretariat of its Government (2024-2025)
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description: This study seeks to explore the impact of change management strategies on development management within the Sudanese administrative context, through a case study on the General Secretariat of the Government of the Blue Nile Region. The significance of the study lies in the increasing challenges that the governmental institutions face in balancing institutional transformation and improving job performance, particularly in regions undergoing rapid developmental and administrative changes. The study uses the descriptive-analytical method, and the questionnaire is used as the primary tool for data collection, consisting of a sample of (100) employees of the General Secretariat. The data was analyzed using the SPSS statistical program, and the analysis included frequencies, means, reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s Alpha), and simple regression analysis. The findings reveal that there was a statistically significant relationship between the effectiveness of change management strategies and the improvement of job performance and the activation of development management in the region. They also show that effective employee participation, internal communication, and training are among the most prominent determinants of successful change. The study recommends adopting well-defined models for change management, fostering employee involvement in planning and implementation stages, and aligning change initiatives with the region’s strategic development goals.
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creator: Mohammed Idrees Almahi Habib
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.134

Evaluating the Content of the Mathematics Curriculum for the Second-Year Science Track in Sudanese Secondary Schools in Light of (NCTM) Standards
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description: The study is aimed at evaluating the content of the mathematics curriculum for the second year of the scientific track in Sudanese secondary schools in light of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards. The researchers used the descriptive–analytical method, in which they developed a content analysis tool derived from the NCTM standards, covering the domains of numbers and operations, algebra, geometry, and trigonometry, with a total of (25) indicators. After confirming the validity and reliability of the research instruments, the researchers analyzed the second-year mathematics textbook using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to calculate frequencies, means, standard deviations, and percentages.The results show that the textbook content covered the NCTM standards across all domains at an acceptable level, with the highest coverage (42%) in the domain of numbers and operations, and the lowest (15%) in the geometry domain. The study recommends reviewing the textbook content to ensure that the allocated instructional time aligns with the curriculum content so that it can be fully taught.
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creator: Mohamed Hamad Elneel Gibreel
creator: المصباحي Almisbahi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.133

Evaluation of Approved Academic Theses in the Faculties of Education and Science at Ibb University and University of Saba Region in Light of Total Quality Standards
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description: The study is aimed to identify the degree to which total quality standards are met in the approved academic theses in the Department of Curricula and Teaching Methods at Ibb University and University of Saba Region from the academic year 2017 to 2024. To achieve the study objectives, the researchers use the descriptive analytical approach based on content analysis. The sample consists of 25 approved theses from both universities. A rating scale consisting of (50) items distributed over six domains was used. These six domains are the title and general framework of the study; the theoretical framework; the previous studies; the methodology and procedures of the study; the presentation, discussion and interpretation of the study results; the technical and linguistic aspects and documentation. To evaluate the selected theses and to analyze the data, a single-sample t-test and a Mann-Whitney test were used. The results show that the degree of availability of total quality standards for each domain individually and for the whole scale was average. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the availability of quality standards in academic theses according to the variable of the university in all domains, with the exception of "the title and the general framework of the study" domain, in favor of the approved academic theses at Ibb University. One of the most important recommendations is to apply total quality standards in evaluating academic theses in the faculties of education at Yemeni universities.
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creator: Abdullah Hassan Abdulrab
creator: Hanaa Mahdi Haidar Al-Amiri
creator: Mutahar Ali Hussein Al - Barti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.132

Principles of Preparing the Islamic Preacher in the Glorious Quran: An Analytical Study of the Divine Discourse Addressed to His Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him)
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description: This study is aimed at presenting an exegetical and analytical exploration of the divine discourse addressed to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in the Glorious Qur’an, viewing it as a comprehensive divine model for the preparation of the Islamic preacher (da‘iyah). The study adopts a thematic and analytical approach to exegesis (tafsir), examining and interpreting Qur’anic verses in which Allah directly addresses His Prophet ﷺ, in order to extract the foundational features of spiritual, intellectual, and ethical preparation. The study demonstrates that these divine directives were not incidental or isolated, but rather formed an integrated educational framework upon which the Prophet’s character was built. As such, they constitute a firmly rooted Qur’anic reference for shaping the identity of the Islamic preacher. The significance of the study lies in the way that it sheds light on the Qur’anic text from a structural, functional, and exegetical perspective, which highlights the impact of divine guidance in shaping the exemplary prophetic model for daʿwah, and contributes to formulating a contemporary framework for the Islamic preacher, grounded in the principles of the Glorious Qur’an. Furthermore, the study shows how thematic exegesis can serve as an effective tool for understanding Qur’anic daʿwah discourse and linking it to the current realities and challenges of the Muslim community. The study reached several key findings, among which are: first, the Qur’anic discourse addressed to the Prophet ﷺ represents a practical and interpretive model for preacher development, combining self-purification, knowledge acquisition, and moral refinement; second, the thematic interpretation of verses related to the Prophet’s formation reveals a profound Qur’anic vision for building an effective and balanced da‘wah personality suited to the needs of the Muslim community. The study also presents several recommendations: first, encouraging integrating this exegetical model into training pro…
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creator: Ebrahim Abdul-Wali Abduh Al-Bahri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.129

The Reality and Future of E-Commerce in Yemeni Legislation
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description: This study explores the reality and future of e-commerce within the framework of Yemeni legislation, focusing on its concept, forms, nature, advantages, and disadvantages. It also discusses payment and settlement systems in e-commerce, and examines the impact of e-commerce on money laundering. E-commerce has transformed the world into a global marketplace for institutional products through the Internet, relying primarily on electronic payment systems. Therefore, any country that seeks to adopt e-commerce as a new horizon must provide the necessary requirements to transition toward a digital trade system. With the widespread global expansion of e-commerce, many countries around the world, along with numerous regional and international organizations and bodies, have sought to establish a legal framework for regulating electronic commerce, defining the rights and obligations of its parties. Therefore, it has become necessary for various Arab countries to keep pace with these developments by enacting specific laws to regulate this new phenomenon. However, in the case of Yemen, no specific law has been issued to regulate electronic commerce. Nevertheless, the study concluded that there are serious efforts in Yemen aimed at advancing electronic commerce in various fields, despite the country's complex political and economic crises and its delay in the field of information and communication technology, which is considered the main pillar of electronic commerce.
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creator: Hasan Mohammed Al-Salami
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.128

Educational Insights in the Parenthetical Sentences in the Story of Musa (peace be upon him) in the Glorious Qur’an
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description: This study adopts a comprehensive inductive approach to explore the story of Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) across all the Surahs of the Glorious Qur’an, both Makki and Madani. It focuses on analyzing parenthetical sentences, whether a single sentence or multiple, by identifying their position, cause, meaning, and rhetorical benefit, followed by highlighting the educational insight embedded within each case. The study is divided into two main sections, with two subsections each. The first section introduces the concept of educational insight and parenthetical sentence, and it includes two subsections. The first subsection defines both concepts and reviews the perspectives of grammarians, rhetoricians, and scholars of Qur’anic sciences regarding the stylistic function of parenthetical expressions. It also discusses the distinction between parenthetical and circumstantial sentences, due to their semantic proximity, and outlines the conditions under which separation between syntactically related elements is permissible. The second subsection presents the scholarly reasons for using parenthetical sentences, identifying seven key purposes cited in classical sources. The second section focuses on the instances of parenthetical sentences within the Qur’anic narrative of Musa (peace be upon him), and it includes two subsections. The first subsection addresses cases where a single sentence serves as a parenthetical expression, either as a medial interjection or as an additive statement, the latter being the more frequent. The second subsection examines instances involving two or more sentences, including full verses or multiple verses functioning as interjected comments, such as in Surah Ṭāhā. The study concludes that there are twenty-three instances of parenthetical sentences in the story of Musa (peace be upon him), with fourteen involving a single sentence and nine involving multiple sentences. These occurrences are found in the following Surahs: (Al-Baqarah, Al-Aʿrāf, …
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creator: Nabeel Mahmood Muftah Escandar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.127

Artistic Imagery in Socotri Proverbs
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description: The Socotri language is an original language, just like the well-known ancient Semitic languages. It carries a rich variety of literature, arts, cultural expressions, and a wealth of vocabulary and meanings. One clear sign of its richness is the many rhetorical and expressive forms it has, especially Socotri proverbs. This study examines proverbs from the angle of artistic imagery. It is divided into two main sections: artistic imagery and artistic styles. The first section discusses figurative images such as simile, metaphor, metonymy, and figurative expressions, followed by non-figurative images: visual, auditory, gustatory, and sensory images. The second section is about artistic styles. It includes techniques such as word order (inversion), omission, repetition, contrast, and negation. The study arrives at several results and recommendations. It shows that Socotri proverbs are similar in meaning to Classical Arabic proverbs, as well as to popular and colloquial ones, but they are different in language, structure, style as well as in the tools they employ, such as particles of simile and negation. They are also distinguished by the strong coherence between their lexical items and their overall meaning. In addition, Socotri proverbs have their own musical rhythm that makes them unique compared to other proverbs.
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creator: أحمد سالم صالح Al-amri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.130

Evaluation of Admission Tests in Biology for the Applicants to the Faculty of Medicine at University of Saba Region in Light of Good Test Standards
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description: The study is aimed to evaluate the biology admission tests for the applicants to the Faculty of Medicine at University of Saba Region in light of the standards of a good test. The content analysis method, which is one of the descriptive approach techniques, was used. The study sample consisted of (125) items distributed on five admission test models from the years 2021 to 2024. A content analysis tool of (33) sub-indicators was designed based on the standards of a good test, and distributed on four domains: first, specifications of the test paper and clarity of instructions; second, technical aspects of a good test; third, multiple-choice questions; fourth, cognitive level of the questions. Frequencies and percentages were used to analyze the data. The study's findings showed that the admission tests adhered to certain basic standards, such as numbering, accurate inclusion of essential data, linguistic accuracy, and print quality, in addition to being free of academic errors. However, the study revealed shortcomings in other areas, most notably: grading, guidance instructions, spelling, and font consistency. Regarding multiple-choice questions, they generally met the required standards, though some issues were noted concerning the highlighting of negation and the distribution of correct alternatives. As for the cognitive level of the items, the questions primarily focused on lower-order thinking skills (recall and understanding) while neglecting higher-order thinking levels.
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creator: Majdah Ali Saeed Al-Humaidi
creator: Abdullah Hassan Abdulrab
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.126

The Roots of Political Deception and Its Impact on the Crises of Political Regimes in Yemen: A Historical Study from the Late 3rd to the Mid-15th Century A.H.
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description: Throughout Yemen’s history, from the late third century A.H. up to the present day, many rulers have practiced various forms and methods of political deception. These methods included, for example, the exploitation of religion, morality, political money, brute force, tribal fanaticism, sectarianism, regionalism, and reliance on foreign powers. All these methods served as bridges to attain or retain power, thereby securing full control over the nation’s resources: the central axis of Yemen’s long-standing struggle for authority, wealth, and dominance. The roots of political deception among Yemen’s rulers have run deep, plunging the country into endless wars; each conflict giving birth to new ones under different banners. The current political and social fragmentation and the multiplicity of loyalties across the nation are but a continuation of that same corrupt logic. The leading role in this deception has often been played by those who seized power through sect, lineage, region, or ideology, renting out national loyalty to foreign interests; all in pursuit of the lust for power, which ultimately ensures control over wealth and resources. Historical evidence of such practices is abundant. Many contemporary Yemeni leaders have inherited and reproduced these deceptive methods from earlier Imams, employing them to perpetrate the ugliest forms of political manipulation, culminating in the collapse of the Yemeni state itself. This research is aimed to penetrate the untold aspects of Yemeni political life and uncover parts of the deep-rooted phenomenon of political deception and its consequences. It highlights the extraordinary capacity of power enthusiasts to manipulate public sentiment, turning society’s noble values into obedient servants of their ambitions. The study concludes that this destructive phenomenon continues to the present day, costing the Yemeni people a heavy price.
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creator: Abdul Hamid Muhammad Amer Al-Baqri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.125

Arrogance in Surah Al-A,raf: An Objective Study of its Causes, Manifestations, and Effects
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description: This study discusses the topic of arrogance (kibr) in Surah Al-A‘raf, through exploring its causes, manifestations, and consequences, considering it a blameworthy trait that leads to corruption on earth and the destruction of the arrogant. The Surah presents examples from past nations, such as the people of Noah, the people of Pharaoh, and the people of Saleh, whose fate was dire due to their arrogance and rejection of the truth. The study consists of an introduction, a preface, and four main sections. The preface discusses the objectives of the Surah, the concept and reality of arrogance, its causes, and the difference between kibr (arrogance) and istikbar (haughtiness). The main sections cover: the mention of the arrogant in Surah Al-A‘raf, descriptions of the arrogant as those who reject the signs of Allah, the most dangerous aspects of arrogance depicted in the Surah, and finally, the consequences and outcomes of arrogance as illustrated in the Surah. The Qur’anic verses demonstrate how arrogance blinds a person’s insight, distancing them from humility and acknowledgment of servitude to Allah and His greatness. The study emphasizes the importance of embodying humility and avoiding all aspects of arrogance and pride, as humility is a praiseworthy quality that reflects true faith and brings a person closer to Allah, the Almighty.
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creator: Fatima Mohammed Adukhri Yahia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.124

Evaluation of Chemistry Exam Questions for the Third-Year Secondary Students in the Republic of Yemen for the Years 2022- 2024 in light of Science Process Skills
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description: This study is aimed at evaluating chemistry exam questions for the third-year secondary students in the Republic of Yemen in light of science process skills during the years (2022-2024). The content analysis method was used as one of the descriptive research approaches. The study sample included (16) models of National exams questions, comprising (96) questions, from which (491) items branched out. To achieve the study's objective, the researchers prepared a list of science process skills, which included eight basic skills: (observation, measurement, classification, inference, prediction, using numbers, using spatial and temporal relationships, and communication) and four integrated skills: (interpreting data, controlling variables, experimentation, and formulating hypotheses). The list included (35) indicators. Data was analyzed using frequencies and percentages. The findings of the study indicated that the inclusion of basic science process skills in the chemistry exam varied. Communication skills were the most frequently represented, followed by using numbers and inference skills, all of which demonstrated high levels of inclusion. In contrast, classification and prediction skills appeared to a moderate degree. Notably, the exam did not include items assessing skills of observation, measurement, and spatial and temporal relationships. With regard to integrated science process skills, only the skill of data interpretation was included. Skills such as controlling variables, experimentation, and formulating hypotheses were not represented in the exam
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creator: Ali Abdullah Salem Al-abab
creator: Abdullah Hassan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.123

Training Needs in Light of the Integrated Approach (STEM) Among Science Teachers in Secondary Schools in Marib City
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description: The study is aimed to identify the training needs in light of the integrated approach (STEM) among science teachers in secondary schools in Marib city, in terms of planning, implementation and evaluation. It is also aimed to determine the impact of the variables of specialization and years of experience. The study used the descriptive approach, and the researchers applied a questionnaire to (108) male and female teachers in both governmental and private secondary schools. To analyze the data, the researchers used mean scores, standard deviations, and a two-way ANOVA test. The findings showed that the degree of training needs among science teachers in light of the integrated approach (STEM) was high. They also showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of responses regarding the degree of training needs in light of the integrated approach (STEM) according to the variables of specialization and years of experience.
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creator: Arwa Ahmed Mohsen AL- Awadhi
creator: Abdullah Hassan Abdulrab
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.122

Procedures of Criminal Trial for the Absconding Defendant and Their Legal Consequences
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description: This study addresses the legal issues related to the trial of a defendant fleeing from justice under Yemeni law, through a critical analysis of Articles (285–295) of the Criminal Procedure Law and the Articles (68, 69) of the Military Law, in light of constitutional principles and international standards of fair trial. The research highlights the evident legislative shortcomings in distinguishing between absconding and ordinary absence, the lack of reliance on electronic notification methods, the weak guarantees of the right to defense, and the inconsistencies between trial procedures in civil and military courts. It also reveals the absence of effective mechanisms for retrial. The researcher adopts an analytical and comparative methodology, examining the experiences of Egypt, France, and Jordan, to demonstrate the gap between legal texts and judicial practices. The study proposes innovative legislative amendments, including the reformulation of Article (289), suspension of the execution of judgments in absentia, adoption of electronic means of notification, mandatory appointment of a defense lawyer for the absent defendant, and the provision of his legal fees and compensation. This research, from an academic, professional, and national perspective, seeks to contribute to the development of Yemen’s criminal justice system in a way that ensures judicial effectiveness, safeguards constitutional rights, and strengthens public confidence in justice.
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creator: Nafaa Abdulqawi Ali Alolo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.121

The Methods of the Prophets in Confronting the Advocates of Atheism Through Quranic Narratives
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description: This research examines the methods of the prophets in confronting atheism through Quranic narratives, aiming to explore their approach in calling atheists to faith through dialogue, rational arguments, and the refutation of misconceptions. The study begins with an introduction clarifying the concepts of “method” and “atheism,” along with references to the usage of the term “atheism” in the Quran, and traces the historical evolution of atheism. It is divided into three sections: Section One: Addresses the approach of engaging with atheists through gentle dialogue and courteous debate, as employed by the prophets in calling deniers to faith and reminding them of the consequences of arrogance. The Quran emphasizes the necessity of debate with wisdom and kind admonition as a primary method. Section Two: Highlights the importance of rational evidence in persuasion, such as the innate disposition (Fitrah) argument, which relies on the instinctive belief in God, and the argument from creation, which reflects the precision and order of the universe. Section Three: Focuses on refuting the misconceptions raised by atheists through practical examples, such as the rebuttals of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) and Prophet Musa (Moses) (peace be upon them) against the claims of Nimrod and Pharaoh. These instances are linked to modern atheism to demonstrate the similarity of misconceptions and the varying methods of refutation. The research concludes that the methods of the prophets, as mentioned in the Quran, remain a fundamental framework and reference for confronting atheism by combining reason and heart, along with objective dialogue. It also underscores the necessity of developing contemporary da’wah (Islamic outreach) discourse to address modern challenges.
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creator: Ali Saleh Abdullah Adlan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-07-05
publication date: 2025-07-05
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.120

Mapping Colonial Ideology: A Structuralist Examination of Power and Communication in Forster’s A Passage to India
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description: This paper examines how the structure of A Passage to India is used as a framework to convey the stereotype of the “Other” as inferior and as a tool for political propaganda, reflecting Forster’s colonial views. While many scholars have studied Forster’s political ideas in the story, they have not focused on how the structure of the narrative has been carefully employed by the author to convey these negative political views. Using Greimas’ framework of actants-subject, object, sender, receiver, helper, and opponent, this paper examines key interactions, such as those between Mrs. Moore, Adela, and Dr. Aziz at the mosque, the Bridge Party, and the Marabar caves, and how that such encounters are used to mock the newcomer desire see real India- the object of their interest. After these four encounters, the women ultimately abandon their hope to see real India mirroring the truthfulness of negative experience of the English who advise them to keep away from the Indians if they want to be safe.
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creator: Morsal Shaif Mohammed Haidarah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.119

Social Semiotics in the Hero Characters in Ali Ahmed Bakathir's Novels
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description: This research examines the social semiotics of the hero characters in four novels by Ali Ahmed Bakathir: The Red Revolutionary, The Handsome Warrior, The Biography of the Brave, and Oh Islam! The study employs a semiotic approach to analyze the social dimensions and symbolic connotations of the hero character in these novels, exploring how Bakathir utilized these characters to express his intellectual and social vision. The research begins with a theoretical framework that defines the concepts of social semiotics and explains the semiotic approach to analyzing literary texts, particularly focusing on character analysis. It then provides a brief overview of Ali Ahmed Bakathir’s life and literary works, highlighting his contribution to the Arabic novel and his intellectual and artistic vision. The applied study analyzes the hero character in each of the four novels, examining the historical and social context, the construction and connotations of the character, the semiotic symbols and signs, the ideological dimension, and the relationship between the hero and society or authority. The analysis reveals that Bakathir’s hero characters carry multiple social semiotic connotations that reflect the social, political, and religious conflicts in society. The comparative study between the hero characters in the four novels shows similarities and differences in their social origins, internal conflicts, relationship with authority, motivations and goals, final destinies, and religious dimensions. It also traces the development of Bakathir’s vision of the hero character across his novels, from the problematic hero in The Red Revolutionary to the epic hero in Oh Islam! The study concludes that the hero characters in Bakathir’s novels share common social dimensions, including class, familial, political, and religious dimensions, and carry common and different semiotic meanings. It also highlights Bakathir’s unique employment of the social semiotic of the hero character, which is c…
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creator: Jamal Abdullah Yahya Kahtan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.118

The Qur'anic Miraculousness Concerning the Expulsion of the Jews from the Holy Land
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description: This study is aimed at highlighting some aspects of the miraculous nature of the Glorious Qur,an, particularly the unseen, rhetorical, and numerical miraculousness regarding the expulsion of the Jews from the Holy Land. The study relies on Surah Al-Isra, which includes references to this subject, and shows that this event is miraculous due to the Quran,s foretelling of it before its occurrence, in accordance with what was witnessed in historical happenings and consecutive events. The study presents a comprehensive analysis about miraculousness of the Glorious Qur,an regarding the expulsion of the Jews from the Holy Land. It defines the unseen miraculousness, highlights its significance, and presents relevant examples. It further examines the rhetorical miraculousness, clarifies meanings of the verses, vocabulary, and offers a summary of their meanings. It also analyzes the numerical miraculousness regarding this subject. The study concludes with several findings: the expulsion of the Jews from the Holy Land is mentioned in the Glorious Quran in unequivocal and assertive terms, which indicates that it will be an inevitable and decisive matter, and it will be carried out by the people of the Qur,an. This is confirmed by the Glorious Qur,an in all its miraculous dimensions. The appropriate interpretation of this subject is the interpretation that touches reality and resolves its problems. The Quran,s advance mention of this event exemplifies a facet of the unseen miraculousness in the Glorious Qur,an, as well as the rhetorical and numerical miraculousness.
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creator: Ali Bin Nasser Sail
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.117

The Role of Integrated Marketing Communication in Customer Satisfaction: An Applied Study on Sudakal Telecommunications Academy
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description: This study is entitled “The impact of Marketing Communication on customer satisfaction”, applied on Sudakal Academy. The research problem is represented in the following question: Does marketing communications have an impact on customer satisfaction? The objective of the study is to identify the impact that marketing communications have on customer satisfaction. The main hypothesis of the study is as follows: there is a statistically significant relationship between marketing communications and customer satisfaction. There are also sub-hypotheses that are derived from the main hypothesis: there is a statistically significant relationship between advertising and customer satisfaction, there is a statistically significant relationship between personal sales and customer satisfaction, there is a statistically significant relationship between public relations and customer satisfaction, there is a statistically significant relationship between sales activation and customer satisfaction. The study arrived at several important findings: first, advertising at Sudakal affects the mental image of customers; second, employees at Sudakal training centers have information about training services; third, sales representatives of training centers respond to all incoming calls by phone; fourth, training centers provide clear marketing contact information, which enhances their mental image. The study recommends that Sudakal should focus on targeted advertising, establish a marketing department within the administrative structure of the training centers, establish a public relations department at the Centers, and increase the transmission of messages via the internet to reach as many customers as possible.
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creator: Adam Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed Ali
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.116

Relativity between Excessiveness and Negligence: An Applied Foundational Study
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description: Excessiveness and negligence are two opposite extremes in understanding, complying with, and applying the Islamic legislative obligations. They are among the most severe afflictions that hit the essence of moderation; they lead a Muslim to be either overly strict or too lenient. They represent a significant threat to rulings and legislation, as their effects manifest in beliefs, behaviors, rituals, acts of worship, and transactions. Hence, the urgent need and public interest arise in identifying the points where a person may reach either of these extremes to safeguard against them or to recover if they slip into them, based on the principles of Islamic legislation and its objectives. The importance of this study springs out from the necessity to recognize the separating line between excessiveness and negligence, as both represent a deviation from the Islamic legislative method and a distance from its sublime objectives. The problem of the study lies in clarifying the concept of relativity and its legitimacy, detailing its degrees, the aspects of its transgressions, the Islamic legislative purposes behind its consideration, and its impact on the uprightness of the obligated individual and their adherence to the correct path. The study aims at establishing relativity as a fundamental principle of Islamic legislation, by gathering legal evidences, extracting conditions, and setting guidelines that clarify the objectives, and explaining how a Muslim can respond to the commands of Almighty Allah, through conducting a comprehensive legal study and applying it as much as possible to behavior, rituals, and legislation. This study uses a descriptive inductive approach to achieve its objectives, which involves collecting scientific material from various references, presenting its issues, and analyzing them. The study concludes that there is a necessity of addressing the extremes of excessiveness and negligence, understanding their impact on the individual and the community, a…
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creator: Abdul Hamid Abdullah Qaed Nasser Al-Qahoum
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.115

The Clear Message in the Glorious Qur’an and its Employment in Developing Contemporary Da’wah Discourse
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description: The concept of the Clear Message (al-balāgh al-mubīn) is one of the essential Qur’anic concepts in Islamic work. It is frequently mentioned in the Glorious Qur’an as the core mission of the messengers—peace be upon them. However, it has not received sufficient study, leading many of those who are involved in the calling (Da’wah) to Allah to assume that it is merely about writing words or delivering sermons that stir people’s emotions enthusiastically, without realizing the necessity for the Message to be clear, in a way that fulfills the responsibility of the messenger and establishes the proof upon the audience. The research aims to study the concept of the Clear Message (al-balāgh al-mubīn) as presented in the Glorious Qur’an, analyze its characteristics and methods, and demonstrate how it can be utilized in developing contemporary Da’wah discourse. The study uses the inductive analytical approach and addresses the subject through two main sections: The first discusses the concept of the Clear Message (al-balāgh al-mubīn) in the Glorious Qur’an, its characteristics, and its significance. The second focuses on the methods of the Clear Message (al-balāgh al-mubīn) in the Glorious Qur’an, and how they can be employed in contemporary da’wah discourse. The study focuses on three primary methods employed by the Glorious Qur’an in the Clear Message (al-balāgh al-mubīn) to persuade and influence audiences: sensory method, based on tangible observations and experiences; rational method, that relies on evidence, logic, and reasoning; emotional method, which addresses hearts, feelings, and emotions. The study arrives at several important findings, among which are: preachers and Da’wah institutions need to understand the characteristics and methods of the Clear Message (al-balāgh al-mubīn), and strive to apply them in Islamic discourse and contemporary Da’wah; this requires a reconsideration of contemporary Da’wah methods, so that the discourse becomes clear, persuasive, and …
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creator: Ebrahim Abdul-Wali Abduh Al-Bahri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.114

Compensation and Reparation in Islamic Sharia and their Applications in Yemeni and International Laws: An Analytical Study in the Context of Armed Conflict in Yemen (2014- 2024)
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description: Compensation and reparation represent one of the most important pillars in addressing serious violations of international humanitarian law and human rights. They also represent key components of transitional justice and national reconciliation, as well as the essence of effective and genuine efforts to address post-conflict stages, and an attempt to restore societal harmony and build sustainable peace. This study seeks to analyze the conceptual, legitimate, and legal framework for compensation and reparation in the context of armed conflict in Yemen during the period (2014–2024), by extrapolating both national and international legal texts and jurisprudential texts. The study focuses on demonstrating to which extent the parties of conflict adhere to the standards of international law, the basic and directory principles concerning the right in remedy and Reparation approved by the United Nations General Assembly, and the adequacy of Yemeni legislation – derived from Islamic law – in meeting those standards. The research uses the descriptive and analytical approach through the analysis of texts, documents, and official reports in the field of compensation and reparation. The study concludes that reparation is a central pillar for achieving comprehensive national reconciliation in Yemen; however, actual implementation faces institutional, legislative, and political challenges. The importance of this study lies in providing a comprehensive vision linking jurisprudential grounding, national codification, and international standards to address the effects of conflict and promote societal peace.
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creator: Zaid Abdullah AL- Dalali
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.113

Yemeni Manuscripts in the Science of Qur›anic Readings: The Manuscripts of Imam ‹Uthman Al-Nashiri (D. 848 AH) as a Model
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description: This study contributes to the preservation and service of the manuscript heritage in Qur’anic readings, highlighting the efforts of Yemeni scholars in documenting this discipline. It focuses on a prominent figure of the Yemeni school in Qur’anic readings, Imam ʿUthmān ibn ʿUmar al-Nāshirī (d. 848 AH), through the examination and analysis of his manuscripts. The study aims to highlight al-Nāshirī’s scholarly status and the significance of his manuscripts, their role in preserving and recording the science of Qur’anic readings, and analyze his methodology in teaching and writing. It also classifies his manuscripts, traces efforts to edit them, and proposes mechanisms for reviving this manuscript legacy. The study further explores the scientific, social, and political contexts that shaped his scholarly experience. It uses the descriptive-analytical method to present and analyze the manuscripts, the historical method to trace the development of the Yemeni school, and the inductive method to extract al-Nāshirī’s methodological features. It also employs quantitative and documentary approaches in classifying his printed, manuscript, and lost works. The study concludes that al-Nāshirī’s manuscripts serve as a bridge between the Yemeni school and other schools of Qur’anic readings. They reveal a scholarly personality characterized by encyclopedic knowledge and precision in authorship and editing. However, portions of his legacy remain lost, necessitating institutional and academic support for their discovery, authentication, and publication as part of the broader efforts to revive Islamic manuscript heritage.
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creator: Najeeb Mohammed Aldarb
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.112

The Geopolitical Dimension of Bab al-Mandab Strait: The Intersection of International Interests and its Repercussion Effects on Yemen
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description: The study is aimed at analyzing the importance of Bab el-Mandeb Strait for Yemen, the region, and the world, and examining the phenomenon of international conflict over it, identifying the countries that are in conflict over it and the mechanisms of conflict. It also focuses on providing a vision for how to deal with this situation, and how decision-makers can achieve their national interests and avoid any negative effects of the conflict. The research arrives at several conclusions, the most important of which is that the Bab el-Mandeb Strait holds significant military, economic, and political importance; therefore, international powers seek to control it. The naval military deployment and military bases in Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia are part of the international struggle for control over Bab el-Mandeb Strait. The study recommends that the internationally recognized government rebuilds its strategic plans and its internal and foreign public policies to gain political, economic, and military benefits from the international conflict over Bab el-Mandeb Strait. The government should enhance official diplomatic efforts to create international relations with all international parties, avoiding bias towards one side or another.
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creator: Sami Mohammed Qassem
creator: Buthina Abdullah Ismail Al-Saqqaf
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.111

Modern Administrative Trends and the Possibility of their Application by Heads of Academic Departments at University of Saba Region
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description: The current study is aimed at identifying modern administrative trends and the possibility of their application among heads of academic departments at the University of Saba Region. The study uses a descriptive and analytical method. It also uses a questionnaire as a tool for data collection, consisting of 50 items distributed across five dimensions. The questionnaire was applied to a sample of 31 heads of academic departments selected through a random sampling method. The study arrived at several key findings. First, modern administrative trends and the possibility of their application among heads of academic departments at the University of Saba Region were rated very highly across all dimensions. Second, the overall mean scores for all dimensions were very high, indicating a strong level of agreement among the participants regarding the modern administrative trends and their potential implementation. Third, the field of willingness and readiness to adopt modern administrative trends is ranked first, followed by the impact of applying modern administrative trends on the performance of departments in the second place, and the field of factors influencing the application of these trends comes in the third place. The possibility of applying modern administrative trends is ranked fourth, and the field of awareness of modern administrative trends is ranked fifth. Fourth, all fields scored at a very high level. Fifth, the results also indicate that there were no statistically significant differences at the 0.05 significance level in the mean responses across all dimensions that could be attributed to the variables of academic specialization or years of experience. This suggests a strong alignment in perspectives among the participants. The study concludes with a set of recommendations and proposals that contribute to enhance understanding and implementation of modern administrative trends among heads of academic departments at the University of Saba Region.
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creator: Adnan Naji Ahmed Ghaleb
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 The Scientific Journal of University of Saba Region
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
doi: 10.54582/TSJ.2.2.110